Page 1 PROGRESS REPORT THE SOLAR-A SOFT X-RAY TELESCOPE (SXT) PROGRAM (CONTRACT NAS8-37334) (for May 1994) OVERVIEW The SOLAR-A Mission is a program of the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), the Japanese agency for scientific space activity. The SOLAR-A satellite was launched on August 30, 1991 from Kagoshima Space Center (KSC) in Japan, and renamed Yohkoh. The purpose of this mission is to study high energy phenomena in solar flares. Under an international cooperative agreement, Lockheed, under NASA contract, is providing a scientific investigation using the Soft X-ray Telescope (SXT), one of the primary experiments of the mission. The SXT was developed by Lockheed in cooperation with the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, and the Institute for Astronomy of the University of Tokyo. MAJOR PROGRAMMATIC ACTIVITIES IN THE MONTH The program is continuing in good order. There were over 50 papers presented at the AGU meeting based on Yohkoh data and the new poster was widely distributed. Preparations are continuing on the extended mission. A preliminary proposal schedule has been developed and discussions with the Co-I's have been initiated. << Solar Activity >> The Sun remained relatively quiet this month with only a single C flare. It has two faces currently with an "active" side (dominated by a large, mature active region) and a quiet side. When the quiet hemisphere is pointed towards the Earth, Yohkoh detects only coronal holes, quiet corona, and X-ray bright points. During these times the GOES flux has reached some of the lowest levels since solar maximum in 1989. A tiny active region produced one of the most spectacular examples of an eruptive event that we have seen so far. It occurred on the west limb on 20 May and spewed plasma beyond the SXT field of view (> 8 arcmin). The southern polar-crown-filament loop arcade remained bright following the 14 April event. There was a series of small eruptions in this southern streamer belt from 14 to 16 May just behind the S.E. solar limb and again on 24 May on the west limb. A beautiful example of an anenome jet occurred on the west limb on 18 May. Page 2 << Campaigns >> SXT completed an X-ray Bright Point campaign at the beginning of the month. An attempt to get images of the annular eclipse on 10 May failed due to a series of unfortunate coincidences. Yohkoh supported an extensive campaign organized by Briggette Schmieder. The theme of the campaign was "Chromospheric ejections and coronal loops". It a 2-week campaign involving mainly Yohkoh, Meudon, and Pic du Midi. David Alexander was the chief observer who scheduled the Yohkoh observations. << Science >> Most of our science efforts involved preparations for and giving presentations to the AGU/SPD. The meeting seemed to be a great success from a Yohkoh point of view. It was pleasing to see the diversity of scientists now relying on Yohkoh observations. Yohkoh had significant Yohkoh presence in the joint Union sessions and even in the heliospheric talks (especially from those associated with Ulysses). << Papers and Conferences >> The AGU/SPD presentations that included Yohkoh SXT observations dominate our list of publications this month, although it is incomplete at the present. The complete Yohkoh SXT bibliography of refereed papers is appended to the end of this report. - Papers Published (2) - "The Morphology of the 10(7) K Plasma: I. Nonimpulsive flares", U. Feldman, J. Selly, G. Doschek, K. Strong, L. Acton, Y. Uchida, and S. Tsuneta, Ap. J. 424, 444-458, 1994. "An Analytical Model for Fluted Sunspots and a New Interpretation of Evershed Flow and X-ray Anemones", by Petrus C. Martens, Neal E. Hurlburt, Alan M. Title, and Loren W. Acton. - Papers submitted (2) - "The Point Spread Function of the Soft X-ray Telescope Aboard Yohkoh", by Piet Martens, Loren Acton, and Jim Lemen. (Solar Phys.) "H-alpha surges and Low X-ray Associated Loops Observed with Yohkoh", B. Schmieder, K. Shibata, L. van Driel-Gesztelyi, and S. Freeland, (Solar Phys.) Page 3 - Presentations (48) - "The Violent Sun" K. Strong, Maryland Science Center, AGU/Lockheed sponsored public lecture. "SERTS EUV Imaging Spectroscopy", J. Davila, R. Thomas, and K. Strong, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "Coronal Rays as Observed by Spartan 201 Externally Occulted Coronagraph, HAO's K-coronameter, and Soft X-ray Telescope on Yohkoh on April 11,12, 1993", R. Fisher, M. Guhathakurta, D. Sime, T. Holzer, K. Strong, N. Nitta, L. Acton, H. Hudson, Y. Ogawara, S. Tsuneta, and T. Watanabe, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "Yohkoh and SPARTAN observations of Large-scale Coronal Activity", K. Strong, N. Nitta, H. Hudson, R. Fisher, M. Guhathakurta, and S. Habbal, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "Coordinated cm and X-ray Observations of an Active region Streamer", S. Habbal, A. Mossman, M. Karovska, R. Gonzalez, and H. Hudson, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "Three Dimensional Structure of the Solar X-ray Corona Derived from Quasi-stereoscopic imaging", D. Bachelor, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "The Timing and Energetics of an X-ray Mass Ejection in a Slow LDE Flare", H. Hudson, J. Lemen, and S. Tsuneta, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "The Source Region of CME and the Large-Scale magnetic Field Using Yohkoh SXT Data", D. Webb, S. Kahler, and J. Klimchuk, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "Soft X-ray Loops and Coronal Heating: Observation", L. Porter and J. Klimchuk, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "Soft X-ray Loops and Coronal Heating: Interpretation", J. Klimchuk and L. Porter, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "Comparison of Yohkoh Soft X-ray Coronal Events with Ulysses at Several AU", L. Weiss, J. Gossling, J. Phillips, D. McComas, K. Strong, and G. Slater, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "The Coronal origin of a Magnetic Cloud in the Solar Wind and a new Type of Forward-Reverse Shock Pair", S. Bame, J. Gosling, D. McComas, J. Phillips, E. Scime, V. Pizzo, B. Goldstien, A. Balogh, and K. Strong, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "Solar Physics in the Crash Lane", J. Gurman, E. Einfalt, R. Nakatsuka, R. Shwartz, A. Tolbert, D. Zarro, AGU/SPD, Page 4 May 1994 "X-Ray Bright Points: The Signature of Magnetic Field Reconnection", K. Harvey, F. Tang, H. Zirin, S. Martin, H. Hudson, D. Mickey, M. Bruner, K. Strong, N. Nitta, and S. Tsuneta, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "The Transition Region And Coronal Explorer (TRACE)", C. Wolfson, M. Bruner, B. Jurcevich, K. Strong, T. Tarbell, A. Title, L. Golub, and R. Fisher, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "Multi-Temperature Observations of the Solar Corona", M. Bruner, W. Brown, K. Strong, J, Lemen, R. Shine, G. Slater, and L. Dame, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "Creation and Heating of Inter-Region Coronal Loops", B. Handy, L. Acton, D. Alexander, T. Metcalf, H. Hudson, and T. Shimizu, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "High-Energy Imaging of Solar Flares: New Results from the Yohkoh Hard X-ray Telescope", T. Kosugi, T. Sakao, M. Masuda, and K. Strong, (Invited), AGU/SPD, May 1994 "X-ray Studies of the Solar Corona by Yohkoh", L. Acton, (invited), AGU/SPD, May 1994 "Connectivity and Currents in AR 7562", D. Mickey, K. Leka, and T. Metcalf, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "Coronal Loop Thickness Variations and Electric Currents", L. Jiao, R. Canfield, and J. Klimchuk, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "Stereoscopic Determinations of coronal loop Geometries Using SXT Data", G. Slater, H. Hudson, S. Freeland, and K. Strong, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "Image Reconstruction and Enhancements of Yohkoh X-Ray Observations of the Sun", M. Karovska and H. Hudson, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "Radiative Energy Losses from the Solar Corona", L. Acton, H, Hara, and M. Morrison, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "Physical Conditions and Characteristics of Coronal Rays and Coronal Holes", L. Guhathakurta, R. Fisher, K. Strong, and L. Acton, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "Comparison of Yohkoh and Ulysses Observations of the Boundaries of High Speed Streams in the he Solar Wind", M. Neugebauer, B. Goldstien, K. Strong, G. Linford, G. Slater, J. Phillips, and J. Gosling, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "The Large-scale Structure of Coronal Temperature and Page 5 Global Potential Magnetic Fields", R. Altrock, P. Hick, B. Jackson, J, Hoeksema, X. Zhao, G. Slater, and T. Henry, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "The Coronal Magnetic Field of AR 7260", A. McClymont, L. Jiao, and Z. Mikic, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "Patterns of Helicity in Solar Active Regions", A. Pevtsov, R. Canfield, and T. Metcalf, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "Force Free Magnetic Fields in Curved Flux Tubes", P. Sturrock, and S. Glukhov, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "Chromospheric Heating, and Energetics in Three Large Flares'< J-P Wulser, R. Canfield, L. acton,, T. Kosugi, and J. Culhane, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "Comparison of Spatially Resolved Solar Flare Soft X-ray and Hard X-rays", P. Li and A. Emslie, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "Multiwavelength Coverage of the 7 January 1992 Flare", A. Silva, I. de Pater, J. McTiernan, D. Gary, H. Hudson, M. Hagyard, J. Doyle, S. White, and M. Kundu, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "X-ray Jets and H-alpha Surges in AR 7260", R. Canfield, K. Leka, K. Reardon, K. Shibata, M. Shimojo, and T. Yokoyama, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "Low-energy Cut off of Non-thermal Electrons in Solar Flares Inferred from Yohkoh SXT, BCS, and HXT Observations", J. McTiernan, S. Kane, J. Lemen, D. Zarro, and T. Kosugi, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "Flare Activity and Active Region Evolution as Observed by Yohkoh/SXT", N. Nitta, L. van Driel-Gesztelyi, K. Leka, and K. Shibata, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "Solar Extreme UV and Soft X-ray Irradiance Modeling Using Spectral Synthesis Techniques", J. Mariska and J. Lean, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "Estimating Solar Soft X-ray Forcing of the Middle Atmosphere from Yohkoh SXT Data", J. Lean, J. Mariska, K. Strong, H. Hara, and H. Hudson, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "Yohkoh-SXT Observations at Solar Minimum", J. Lemen, (Invited), AGU/SPD, May 1994 "UV and EUV Line Ratios from SPDE Solar Rocket Observations", W. Brown and M. Bruner, AGU/SPD, May 1994 Page 6 "Coronal Fine Structure: Temperature Estimates from NIXT and SXT", E. DeLuca, K. Strong, L. Golub, and A. Daw, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "The Structure of the Extended Corona: Comparison with Solar Wind Models", J. Lemen, H. Hudson, and L. Acton, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "The Emission Measure Distribution, Temperature, and Density in a Simple Loop", G. Doschek, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "Combined BBSO, OVRO, Yohkoh, and BATSE Observations on Solar Flares", H. Wang, D. Gary, H. Zirin, R. Schwartz, N. Nitta, G. Linford, T. Sakao, T. Kosugi, and K. Shibata, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "Yohkoh, OVRO, and BBSO Observations of a Solar Flare", D. gary, S. Masuda, T. Kosugi, and H. Hudson, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "A Search for Low-energy Protons in Several Solar Flares from October, 1992", T. Metcalf, D. Mickey, R. Canfield, J-P Wulser, T. Kosugi, and S. Tsuneta, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "Microwave and X-ray Observations of a Major Confined Flare", N. Gopalswami, M. Kundu, J. Raulin, N. Nitta, and R. Herman, AGU/SPD, May 1994 "VLA Observations of a High Coronal Flare", J. Raulin, N. Gopalswami, M. Kundu, and N. Nitta, AGU/SPD, May 1994 << Public Use of SXT Images >> Another article was published in Sky & Telescope covering X-ray activity on the Sun this month by Gary Linford and Keith Strong. Twenty thousand of the new SXT colour X-ray sun posters were prepared by Lockheed and some were sent to the AGU-SPD meeting in Baltimore. They were all (~2,000) snapped up by the participants and we have had a multitude of orders for others. We have already given out or committed to distribute over 60% of the posters that we have had printed. Page 7 << Yohkoh Operations and Health >> Yohkoh and SXT have operated nominally this month after 1,000 days in orbit. With the low level of activity we have had a number of false flare flags, mostly during spacecraft night. SXT had some usual SEU problems 9 May (pass 1) - Bit Map Error 10 May (pass 1) - Status Read Error 10 May (pass 1) - Night Command Error 20 May (pass 2) - Bit Map error 23 May (pass 1) - " 25 May (pass 1) - " Page 8 << Data Flow >> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Month Full Frame Images Observing Region Images Received Lost Received Lost Loss % QT FL Tot ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sep-91 517 397 21174 3541 24715 5481 18.15 Oct-91 4106 2532 6393 12437 18830 3401 15.30 Nov-91 5291 2475 12149 14696 26845 10952 28.98 Dec-91 4896 3190 5001 16837 21838 6892 23.99 Jan-92 5544 3177 10084 5972 16056 6849 29.90 Feb-92 5305 2803 16932 11382 28314 12019 29.80 Mar-92 6248 2361 20367 2653 23020 9458 29.12 Apr-92 6734 3500 20094 5423 25517 12390 32.69 May-92 7032 3158 25464 4589 30053 13745 31.38 Jun-92 7230 2819 24375 13361 37736 11419 23.23 Jul-92 6535 3085 24622 11481 36103 13065 26.57 Aug-92 6572 2978 24207 11154 35361 13550 27.70 Sep-92 6087 2916 26832 20042 46874 15729 25.12 Oct-92 6753 2552 51037 14709 65746 23529 26.36 Nov-92 6648 2949 24345 14832 39177 12859 24.71 Dec-92 6766 3008 24188 6600 30788 12454 28.80 Jan-93 6888 3351 24067 4861 28928 13069 31.12 Feb-93 6833 3004 24479 18149 42628 12302 22.40 Mar-93 7177 3460 25874 19537 45411 14657 24.40 Apr-93 7754 3644 34128 8352 42480 17967 29.72 May-93 8571 3950 41832 7518 49350 21971 30.81 Jun-93 7340 2589 64545 12539 77084 26299 25.44 Jul-93 8259 3650 47561 5352 52913 24213 31.39 Aug-93 7628 3638 30705 3563 34268 17436 33.72 Sep-93 6875 2899 22697 5600 28297 11252 28.45 Oct-93 7474 3657 33782 7548 41330 20104 32.72 Nov-93 8504 3864 42953 5849 48802 23896 32.87 Dec-93 5898 3047 21128 13297 34425 13001 27.41 Jan-94 6934 2804 28567 10960 39527 13746 25.80 Feb-94 6948 2892 22815 5819 28634 11463 28.59 Mar-94 7736 2627 69273 3733 73006 31464 30.12 Apr-94 6142 2741 22707 3390 26097 12338 32.10 May-94 3015 1036 11913 1197 13110 4256 24.51 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Total 212240 96753 906290 306973 1213263 473226 28.06 Number of Full Frame Images Received: 212240 Number of Observing Region Images Received: 1213263 Total: 1425503 Approximate Number of Shutter Moves/CCD Readouts: 2488868 NOTES: * The loss of images is mainly due to BDR overwrites, but there are also occasional DSN dumps which are lost. * It is common to have observing regions which contain more than 64 lines, which requires multiple exposures to make a single observing region image. This is why the number of shutter moves is larger than the number of images received plus those lost. Page 9 << Engineering Summary Table >> -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Month Avg Dark Level # of Dark Spikes CCD Warmings Front Optical (DN) (e/sec) Over 48 Over 64 High / # Support Trans Temp /Days Temp (%) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Oct-91 31.07 21.3 509 261 10.5 77.8 Nov-91 31.06 20.9 648 277 11.9 64.4 Dec-91 31.04 20.2 804 353 14.0 52.5 Jan-92 31.13 23.6 985 450 0.5 / 2 14.9 38.4 Feb-92 31.32 30.8 1176 544 14.3 31.7 Mar-92 31.47 36.5 1355 626 14.8 25.1 Apr-92 31.44 35.2 1323 610 23.8 / 4 14.6 22.8 May-92 31.65 43.1 1417 653 14.4 20.1 Jun-92 32.12 60.9 2215 880 -2.5 / 3 15.1 17.4 Jul-92 32.19 63.2 1829 822 15.5 14.1 Aug-92 32.21 64.1 1922 886 14.9 13.1 Sep-92 32.38 70.5 2062 954 -1.2 / 3 15.9 12.2 Oct-92 32.64 80.3 2317 1055 16.8 11.5 Nov-92 36.24 215.1 6112 1391 18.0 11.0 Dec-92 42.58 452.8 17390 2024 17.9 N/A Jan-93 42.59 453.1 13006 2034 23.8 / 2 19.2 N/A Feb-93 42.28 441.5 13895 2090 17.7 N/A Mar-93 43.14 473.8 14047 2151 17.7 N/A Apr-93 43.13 473.4 14304 2146 23.8 / 2 16.9 N/A May-93 43.45 485.3 16405 2357 17.3 N/A Jun-93 44.03 507.2 20037 2531 16.3 N/A Jul-93 44.52 525.6 23977 2700 22.5 / 2 17.7 N/A Aug-93 44.24 515.0 21879 2643 25.2 / 3 17.2 N/A Sep-93 45.07 546.2 27469 2745 17.5 N/A Oct-93 45.40 558.6 31684 2982 17.7 N/A Nov-93 45.33 555.8 32047 3210 23.8 / 3 19.7 N/A Dec-93 45.92 578.1 38515 3101 19.2 N/A Jan-94 46.18 587.9 42560 3464 22.5 / 2 20.3 N/A Feb-94 46.03 582.1 40449 3246 19.3 N/A Mar-94 45.92 578.0 39715 3420 18.2 N/A Apr-94 45.97 579.9 41302 3721 25.2 / 3 17.8 N/A May-94 46.35 594.2 47531 3555 18.5 N/A NOTES: * The dark current calculations are using full half resolution 2.668 sec images not taken in during the SAA. The dark current rate assumes a "fat zero" of 30.5 DN and a gain of 100 e/DN. * The entrance filter failure of 13-Nov-92 eliminated the capability of taking optical images, so the optical transmission is not available after Nov-92. It also caused an increase in the dark current signal, however some of the increase shown here is an increase in the readout noise and is not a function of exposure duration. Page 10 << Personnel Travel >> SXT Foreign Travel between 1-MAY-94 and 31-MAY-94 ACTON 1-MAY-94 * 1-MAY-94 1 (total of 1 days) ALEXANDER 1-MAY-94 * 31-MAY-94 * 31 (total of 31 days) BRUNER 2-MAY-94 20-MAY-94 19 29-MAY-94 31-MAY-94 * 3 (total of 22 days) HUDSON 1-MAY-94 * 16-MAY-94 16 30-MAY-94 31-MAY-94 * 2 (total of 18 days) SLATER 1-MAY-94 31-MAY-94 * 31 (total of 31 days) LABONTE 1-MAY-94 * 31-MAY-94 * 31 (total of 31 days) KLIMCHUK 1-MAY-94 * 3-MAY-94 3 (total of 3 days) ---------------------------------------------------------------- Grand Total of 137 days for 7 people NOTE: The "*" signifies travel that actually ends after 31-MAY-94 Planned SXT Foreign Travel between 1-JUN-94 and 30-JUN-94 ALEXANDER 1-JUN-94 * 4-JUN-94 4 (total of 4 days) BRUNER 1-JUN-94 * 7-JUN-94 7 (total of 7 days) FREELAND 20-JUN-94 30-JUN-94 * 11 (total of 11 days) HANDY 1-JUN-94 30-JUN-94 * 30 (total of 30 days) HUDSON 1-JUN-94 * 20-JUN-94 20 26-JUN-94 30-JUN-94 * 5 (total of 25 days) LEMEN 7-JUN-94 30-JUN-94 * 24 (total of 24 days) NITTA 20-JUN-94 30-JUN-94 * 11 (total of 11 days) SLATER 1-JUN-94 * 8-JUN-94 8 (total of 8 days) LABONTE 1-JUN-94 * 30-JUN-94 * 30 (total of 30 days) METCALF 7-JUN-94 30-JUN-94 * 24 (total of 24 days) ---------------------------------------------------------------- Grand Total of 174 days for 10 people NOTE: The "*" signifies travel that actually ends after 30-JUN-94 Respectfully submitted, Keith T. Strong Frank Friedlaender Page 11 YOHKOH SXT PAPERS - PUBLICATIONS IN REFEREED JOURNALS AND REFEREED PROCEEDINGS (Updated: 6 June 1994) PRE-LAUNCH PUBLICATIONS: ---1987 ---- "The SOLAR-A Mission": Y. Ogawara, Solar Phys. 113, 361-370 (1987). ---1988 ---- "The Solar-A Soft X-Ray Telescope Experiment": L. Acton, M. Bruner, W. Brown, J. Lemen, T. Hirayama, S. Tsuneta, T. Watanabe, and Ogawara, Y., Adv. Space Res., 8, No. 11, 93-99 (1988). ---1989 ---- "The Soft X-Ray Telescope for the Solar-A Mission": M. E. Bruner, L. W. Acton, W. A. Brown, R. A. Stern, T. Hirayama, S. Tsuneta, T. Watanabe, and Y. Ogawara, in `Proceedings of the 1988 Yosemite Conference on Outstanding Problems in Solar System Plasma Physics: Theory and Instrumentation', J. H. Waite, J. L. Birch and R. L. Moore (eds), Am. Geophysical Union Monograph 54, pp. 187-197 (1989). "X-Ray Calibration of a Virtual Phase 1024 x 1024 CCD": R. C. Catura, J. R. Lemen, M. D. Morrison, D. L. Windt, W. C. Jordan, and L. W. Acton, `EUV, X-Ray, and Gamma-Ray Instrumentation for Astronomy and Atomic Physics', SPIE Vol. 1159, pp. 578-586 (1989). "Measurement of the Point Spread Function and Effective Area of the Solar-A Soft X-Ray Telescope Mirror": J. R. Lemen, E. S. Claflin, W. A. Brown, M. E. Bruner, R. C. Catura, and M. D. Morrison, `X-Ray/EUV Optics for Astronomy and Microscopy', SPIE Vol. 1160, pp. 316-322 (1989). ---1990 ---- "Moisture Induced Dimensional Changes in Hydrophobic Graphite-Resin Laminates": M. W. Bruner, E. B. Bahnsen, T. Cruz, L. Hong, and B. Jurcevich, `Dimensional Stability', SPIE Vol. 1335, pp. 92-95 (1990). "Use of Graphite Epoxy Composites in the Solar-A Soft X-Ray Telescope,": B. K. Jurcevich and M. E. Bruner, `Advances in Optical Structure Systems', SPIE, Vol. Page 12 1303, 406-415 (1990). "Helioseismology Observations by the Solar-A Satellite": T. Sakurai, in `Progress of Seismology of the Sun and Stars', Y. Osaki and H. Shibahashi (eds.), Lecture Notes in Physics, No. 367, Springer-Verlag, pp. 253-256 (1990). "Plasma Diagnostic Capabilities of the Soft X-Ray Telescope on Solar-A": K. T. Strong, L. W. Acton, W. A. Brown, S. L. Claflin, J. R. Lemen, and S. Tsuneta, Adv. in Space Res. (1990) ---1991 ---- "Capabilities and Limitations of Solar-A": L. W. Acton and H. S. Hudson, in `Flare Physics in Solar Activity Maximum 22', Y. Uchida, R. C. Canfield, T. Watanabe, and E. Hiei (eds.), Lecture Notes in Physics, No. 387, Springer-Verlag, pp. 28-36 (1991). "Radiation Concerns for the Solar-A Soft X-Ray Telescope": L. Acton, M. Morrison, J. Janesick, and T. Elliott, `Charge-Coupled Devices and Solar State Optical Sensors', SPIE, Vol. 1447, p. 123 (1991). "The Bragg Crystal Spectrometer for Solar-A": J.L. Culhane, E. Hiei, G. Doschek, A.M. Cruise, Y. Ogawara, Y. Uchida, R.D. Bentley, C. Brown, J. Lang, T. Watanabe, K.Tanaka, J.A.Bowels, R.D. Deslattes, U. Feldman, A. Fludra, P. Guttridge, A. Hennis, J. Lapington, J. Magraw, J.T. Mariska, J. Payne, K.J.H. Phillips, P. Slater, E. Towndraw, and M.W. Trow, Solar Phys., 136, 89-104 (1991). "Simulated SXT Observations of Coronal Loops": Dixon, W. W., Klimchuk, J. A., Sturrock, P. A., Lemen, J. R. in `Flare Physics in Solar Activity Maximum 22', Y. Uchida, R.C. Canfield, T. Watanabe, and E. Hiei (eds.), Lecture Notes in Physics, No. 387, Springer-Verlag, pp. 297-301 (1991). "Simulation of SXT Response to XSST Soft X-Ray Spectrum": W. A. Brown, in `Flare Physics in Solar Activity Maximum 22', Y. Uchida, R. C. Canfield, T. Watanabe, and E. Hiei (eds.), Lecture Notes in Physics, No. 387, Springer-Verlag, pp. 193-196 (1991). "Imaging Capabilities of SXT for Solar-A": J. R. Lemen, L. W. Acton, W. A. Brown, M. E. Bruner, R. C. Catura, K. T. Strong, and T. Watanabe, Adv. Space Res. (1991). "SXT Observations of MHD Turbulence in Active Regions": P. C. H. Martens, D. O. Gomez, G. Slater, and L. Golub, in `Flare Physics in Solar Activity Maximum 22', Y. Uchida, Page 13 R. C. Canfield, T. Watanabe, and E. Hiei (eds.), Lecture Notes in Physics, No. 387, Springer-Verlag, pp. 291-296 (1991). "The Electron Distribution and SXT Images of a Coronal Soft X-Ray Source": J. M. McTiernan, S. R. Kane, and J. M. Loran, in `Flare Physics in Solar Activity Maximum 22', Y. Uchida, R. C. Canfield, T. Watanabe, and E. Hiei (eds.), Lecture Notes in Physics, No. 387, Springer-Verlag, pp. 179-183 (1991). "SOLAR-A Reformatted Data Files and Observing Log": M. D. Morrison, J. R. Lemen, L. W. Acton, R. D. Bentley, T. Kosugi, S. Tsuneta, Y. Ogawara, T. Watanabe, Solar Phys. 136, 105-110 (1991). "The SOLAR-A Mission: An Overview": Y. Ogawara, T. Takano, T. Kato, T. Kosugi, S. Tsuneta, T. Watanabe, I. Kondo, Y. Uchida, Solar Phys. 136, 1-16 (1991). "Coronal Observations with Solar-A Satellite": T. Sakurai, Adv. Space Res. 11, No. 1, 349-358 (1991). "Soft X-Ray Telescope (SXT)": S. Tsuneta and L. W. Acton, in `Flare Physics in Solar Activity Maximum 22', Y. Uchida, R. C. Canfield, T. Watanabe, and E. Hiei (eds.), Lecture Notes in Physics, No. 387, Springer-Verlag, pp. 18-19 (1991). "The Soft X-Ray Telescope for the SOLAR-A Mission": S. Tsuneta, L. Acton, M. Bruner, J. Lemen, W. Brown, R. Caravalho, R. Catura, S. Freeland, B. Jurcevich, M. Morrison, Y. Ogawara, T. Hirayama, and J. Owens, Solar Phys. 136, 37-67 (1991). "On Mechanisms of Solar Flares -- Some Observational Tests by Using Solar-A": Y. Uchida and K. Shibata, in `Flare Physics in Solar Activity Maximum 22', Y. Uchida, R. C. Canfield, T. Watanabe, and E. Hiei (eds.), Lecture Notes in Physics, No. 387, Springer-Verlag, pp. 230-236 (1991). "The Solar-A Mission and Its Scientific Aims": Y. Uchida and Y. Ogawara Phil. Trans. R. Soc. London, A 336, 485-495 (1991). "Simulated SXT Observations of Coronal Loops": W W. Dixon, J. A. Klimchuk, "Search for Transient Coronal Holes by Solar-A Soft X-Ray Telescope": T. T. Watanabe, in `Flare Physics in Solar Activity Maximum 22', Y. Uchida, R. C. Canfield, T. Watanabe, and E. Hiei (eds.), Lecture Notes in Physics, No. 387, Springer-Verlag, pp. 353-258 (1991). Page 14 POST-LAUNCH PUBLICATIONS: --------------------- ---1992---- "The Morphology of 20 x 10^6 K Plasma in Large Non-Impulsive Solar Flares": L. W. Acton, U. Feldman, M. E. Bruner, G. A. Doschek, T. Hirayama, H. S. Hudson, J. R. Lemen, Y. Ogawara, K. T. Strong, and S. Tsuneta, PASJ 44, L71-L76 (1992). "The Yohkoh Mission for High-Energy Solar Physics": L. Acton, S. Tsuneta, Y. Ogawara, R. Bentley, M. Bruner, R. Canfield, L. Culhane, G. Doschek, E. Hiei, T. Hirayama, H. Hudson, T. Kosugi, J. Lang, J. Lemen, J. Nishimura, K. Makishima, Y. Uchida, T. Wantanabe, Science 258, 618-624 (1992). "The X Flare of 15 November 1991: Coordinated Mees/Yohkoh Observations": R. C. Canfield, H. S. Hudson, K. D. Leka, D. L. Mickey, T. R. Metcalf, J.-P. Wuelser, L. W. Acton, K. T. Strong, T. Kosugi, T. Sakao, S. Tsuneta, J. L. Culhane, A. Phillips, and A. Fludra, PASJ 44, L111-L116 (1992). "Observations of Several Small Flares with the Bragg Crystal Spectrometer on Yohkoh": J. L. Culhane, A. Fludra, R. D. Bentley, G. A. Doschek, T. Watanabe, E. Hiei, J. Lang, M. K. Carter, J. T. Mariska, A. T. Phillips, K. J. H. Phillips, C. D. Pike, and A. C. Sterling, PASJ 44, L101-L106 (1992). "Yohkoh Bragg Crystal Spectrometer Observations of the Dynamics and Temperature Behavior of a Soft X-Ray Flare": G. A. Doschek, J. T. Mariska, T. Watanabe, E. Hiei, J. Lang, J. L. Culhane, R. D. Bentley, C. M. Brown, U. Feldman, A. T. Phillips, K. J. H. Phillips, and A. C. Sterling, PASJ 44, L95-L100 (1992). "High Temperature Plasmas in Active Regions Observed with the Soft X-Ray Telescope aboard Yohkoh": H. Hara, S. Tsuneta, J. R. Lemen, L. W. Acton, and J. M. McTiernan, PASJ 44, L135-140 (1992). "White-Light Flares Observed by Yohkoh": H. S. Hudson, L. W. Acton, T. Hirayama, and Y. Uchida, PASJ 44, L77-L82 (1992). "Effective Geometrical Thickness and Electron Density of a Flare of 1991 December 2 Observed with the Soft X-Ray Telescope of Yohkoh and Coronagraph": K. Ichimoto, T. Hirayama, A. Yamaguchi, K. Kumagai, S. Tsuneta, H. Hara, L. W. Acton, and M. E. Bruner, PASJ 44, L117-L122 (1992). Page 15 "Comparison between H-alpha and Yohkoh Soft X-Ray Images of Emerging Flux Regions": G. Kawai, H. Kurokawa, S. Tsuneta, T. Shimizu, K. Shibata, L. W. Acton, K. T. Strong, and N. Nitta, PASJ 44, L193-L198 (1992). "Thickness Variations along Coronal Loops Observed by the Soft X-Ray Telescope on Yohkoh": J. A. Klimchuk, J. R. Lemen, U. Feldman, S. Tsuneta, and Y. Uchida, PASJ 44, L181-L186 (1992). "Static and Dynamic Loop Models and Their Observational Signatures": Klimchuk, J. A., in `Coronal Streamers, Coronal Loops, and Coronal and Solar Wind Composition' (ESA SP-348), ed. V. Domingo, A. Poland, and J. Mariska, ESA Pub. Division, ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands, p. 167 (1992) "The Hard X-Ray Telescope (HXT) Onboard Yohkoh: Its Performance and Some Initial Results": T. Kosugi, T. Sakao, S. Masuda, K. Makishima, M. Inda, T. Murakami, Y. Ogawara, K. Yaji, and K. Matsushita, PASJ 44, L45-L50 (1992). "Detailed Comparison between H-alpha and Yohkoh Soft X-Ray Images of a Confined Two-Ribbon Flare": H. Kurokawa, G. Kawai, R. Kitai, Y. Funakoshi, Y. Nakai, S. Tsuneta, T. Kosugi, S. Enome, L. W. Acton, and Y. Ogawara, PASJ 44, L129-L134 (1992). "The Performance of the Yohkoh Bragg Crystal Spectrometer": J. Lang, R. D. Bentley, C. M. Brown, J. L. Culhane, G. A. Doschek, T. Watanabe, E. Hiei, R. D. Deslattes, A. Fludra, P. R. Guttridge, J. E. Magraw, J. Payne, C. D. Pike, and M. W. Trow, PASJ 44, L55-L62 (1992). "Spectra of MHD Turbulence in the Solar Corona", D. O. Gomez and P. C. H. Martens, in 'Proceedings of the IAU Joint Commission Meeting on Solar and Stellar Coronae', R. Pallavicini (ed.), Mem. d. Soc. Astr. Italiana, 63, 755-758 (1992). "Can Yohkoh/SXT Observe Coronal MHD Turbulence?", P. C. H. Martens and D. O. Gomez, in 'Proceedings of the IAU Joint Commission Meeting on Solar and Stellar Coronae', R. Pallavicini (ed.), Mem. d. Soc. Astr. Italiana, 63, 759-762 (1992). "Spatial Power-Spectra from Yohkoh Soft X-Ray Images": P. C. H. Martens, and D. O. Gomez, PASJ 44, L187-L192 (1992). Page 16 "Average Height of Hard X-Ray Sources in Solar Flares": K. Matsushita, S. Masuda, T. Kosugi, M. Inda, and K. Yaji, PASJ 44, L89-L94 (1992). "The Structure of Coronal Soft X-Ray Source Associated with the Dark Filament Disappearance of 1991 September 28 Using the Yohkoh Soft X-Ray Telescope": A. McAllister, Y. Uchida, S. Tsuneta, K. T. Strong, L. W. Acton, E. Hiei, M. E. Bruner, Ta. Watanabe, and K. Shibata, PASJ 44, L205-L210 (1992). "Simultaneous Observations of Coronal Bright Points in X-Ray and Radio Wavelengths": N. Nitta, T. S. Bastian, M. J. Aschwanden, K. L. Harvey, and K. T. Strong, PASJ 44, L167-L172 (1992). "The Status of Yohkoh in Orbit: An Introduction to the Initial Scientific Results": Y. Ogawara, L. Acton, R. D. Bentley, M. E. Bruner, J. L. Culhane, E. Hiei, T. Hirayama, H. S. Hudson, T. Kosugi, J. R. Lemen, K. T. Strong, S. Tsuneta, Y. Uchida, T. Watanabe, M. Yoshimori, PASJ 44, L41-L44 (1992). "New Vistas of Solar Physics Opened Up by Satellite Yohkoh": Y. Ogawara and Y. Uchida, COSPAR Information Bulletin, 124, 61-64 (1992). "Cylindrically Symmetric Force-Free Magnetic Fields": L. J. Porter, J. A. Klimchuk, and P. A. Sturrock, Astrophys. J. 385, 738-745 (1992). "Hard X-Ray Imaging Observations by Yohkoh of the 1991 November 15 Solar Flare": T. Sakao, T. Kosugi, S. Masuda, M. Inda, K. Makishima, R. C. Canfield, H. S. Hudson, T. R. Metcalf, J.-P. Wuelser, L. W. Acton, and Y. Ogawara, PASJ 44, L83-L88 (1992). "Flare-Related Relaxation of Magnetic Shear as Observed with the Soft X-Ray Telescope of Yohkoh and with Vector Magnetographs": T. Sakurai, K. Shibata, K. Ichimoto, S. Tsuneta, and L. W. Acton, PASJ 44, L123-L128 (1992). "Observations of X-Ray Jets with the Yohkoh Soft X-Ray Telescope": K. Shibata, Y. Ishido, L. W. Acton, K. T. Strong, T. Hirayama, Y. Uchida, A. H. McAllister, R. Matsumoto, S. Tsuneta, T. Shimizu, H. Hara, T. Sakurai, K. Ichimoto, Y. Nishino, and Y. Ogawara, PASJ 44, L173-L180 (1992). "Transient Brightenings in Active Regions Observed by the Soft X-Ray Telescope on Yohkoh": T. Shimizu, S. Tsuneta, L. W. Acton, J. R. Lemen, Y. Uchida, PASJ 44, L147-L154 Page 17 (1992). "Observations of the Variability of Coronal Bright Points by the Soft X-Ray Telescope on Yohkoh": K. T. Strong, K. L. Harvey, T. Hirayama, N. Nitta, T. Shimizu, and S. Tsuneta, PASJ 44, L161-L166 (1992). "The Emerging Picture of Solar Flares": P. A. Sturrock, Comments Astrophys. Vol. 16, pp. 71-85 (1992). "Observations of a Solar Flare at the Limb with the Yohkoh Soft X-Ray Telescope": S. Tsuneta, H. Hara, T. Shimizu, L. W. Acton, K. T. Strong, H. S. Hudson, and Y. Ogawara, PASJ 44, L63-L70 (1992). "Global Restructuring of the Coronal Magnetic Fields Observed with Yohkoh Soft X-Ray Telescope": S. Tsuneta, T. Takahashi, L. W. Acton, M. E. Bruner, K. Harvey, and Y. Ogawara, PASJ 44, L211-214 (1992). "Continual Expansion of Active Region Corona Observed by the Yohkoh Soft X-Ray Telescope": Y. Uchida, A. McAllister, K. T. Strong, Y. Ogawara, T. Shimizu, R. Matsumoto, and H. S. Hudson, PASJ 44, L155-L160 (1992). "The Solar-A Mission Experiments and The Targets": Y. Uchida and Y.Ogawara in "Eruptive Solar Flares", eds. Z. Svestka and B. Jackson, Kulwer Publishers, Dordorecht, 309, 1992 "Helium-Like Sulphur Emission Lines in Solar Active Regions and Their Sub-C Class Variability": T. Watanabe, E. Hiei, J. Lang, J. L. Culhane, R. B. Bentley, G. A. Doschek, B. J. E. Bromage, C. M. Brown, U. Feldman, A. Fludra, T. Kato, and J. Payne, PASJ 44, L141-L146 (1992). "Coronal/Interplanetary Disturbances Associated with Disappearing Solar Filaments": T. Watanabe, Y. Kozuka, M. Ohyama, M. Kojima, K. Yamaguchi, S. Watari, S. Tsuneta, J. A. Joselyn, K. L. Harvey, L. W. Acton, and J. A. Klimchuk, PASJ 44, L199-L204 (1992). "The Yohkoh Wide Band Spectrometer: Performance and Initial Results": M. Yoshimori, Y. Takai, K. Morimoto, K. Suga, K. Ohki, T. Watanabe, T. Yamagami, I. Kondo, and J. Nishimura, PASJ 44, L51-L54 (1992). "Characteristics of Two Gamma-Ray Flares Observed with the Wide Band Spectrometer aboard Yohkoh": M. Yoshimori, Y. Takai, K. Morimoto, and K. Ohki, PASJ 44, L107-L110 (1992). ---1993 ---- Page 18 "Rapid Sunspot Motions during a Major Solar Flare": B. Anwar, L. W. Acton, H.S. Hudson, M. Makita, A.N. McClymont and S. Tsuneta, Solar Physics 147, 287-304 (1993). "NIXT Power Spectra of X-Ray Emission from Solar Active Regions: I. Observations": D. O. Gomez, P. C. H. Martens, and L. Golub, Astrophys. J. 405, 767-772 (1993). "NIXT Power Spectra of X-Ray Emission from Solar Active Regions: II. Theory": D. O. Gomez, P. C. H. Martens, and L. Golub, Astrophys. J. 405, 773-781 (1993). "Lifetimes and Distribution of Coronal Bright Points Observed with Yohkoh": K. L. Harvey, K. Strong, N. Nitta, and S. Tsuneta, Adv. Space. Res. 13, No. 9, 27-30 (1993). "Reformation of a Coronal Helmet Streamer by Magnetic Reconnection after a Coronal Mass Ejection": E. Hiei, A. J. Hundhausen, and D. G. Sime, Geophys. Res. Letters, submitted (1993). "Positron Annihilation Line from the 15 November 1991 Flare": K. Kawabata, M. Yoshimori, K. Suga, K. Morimoto, T. Hiraoka, J. Sato and K. Ohki, Astrophys. J. Suppl (submitted 31 March, 1993). "Flare Plasma Dynamics Observed with the Yohkoh Bragg Crystal Spectrometer. I. Properties of the Ca XIX Resonance Line", J.T. Mariska, G.A. Doschek, and R.D. Bentley, R.D. Astrophys. J., in press (1993). "Morphology of Active-Region Transient Brightenings with Yohkoh Soft X-ray Telescope": T. Shimizu, S. Tsuneta, L.W. Acton, J.R. Lemen, Y.Ogawara, and Y.Uchida, Astrophys. J., submitted (1993). "Time Variation of Hard X-ray Image in the Early Phase of Solar Impulsive Bursts": T. Takakura, M. Inda, K. Makishima, S. Masuda, T. Kosugi, T. Sakao, T. Sakurai, and Y. Ogawara, PASJ, 45, 737-753 (1993). "Dynamics of the Solar Corona Observed with the Yohkoh Soft X-ray Telescope": S. Tsuneta and J. Lemen, 'Physics of Solar and Stellar Coronae', J. Linsky and S. Serio (eds), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands (1993). "New Aspects of Solar Coronal Physics Revealed by Yohkoh:, Y. Uchida, in Palermo Symp. "Advances in Stellar and Solar Coronal Physics", ed. J. Linsky and S. Serio, Kluwer Academic Publishers, in press (1993). Page 19 "Some Initial Results from the Yohkoh Observations of Solar High-Temperature and High Energy Phenomena": Y. Uchida, Adv. Space. Res. 13, No. 9, 205-220 (1993). "Gamma-Ray Spectral Observations with Yohkoh": M. Yoshimori, K. Suga, K. Morimoto, T. Hiraoka, J. Sato, K. Kawabata, and K.Ohki, Astrophys. J. Suppl. in press (19 May 1993). ---1994 ---- "Morphology of Active Region Transient Brightenings with the YOHKOH Soft X-ray Telescope", T. Shimizu, S. Tsuneta, L. Acton, J. Lemen, Y. Ogawara, and Y. Uchida, Astrophs. J. 422, 906-911, 1994. "The 1992 January 5 Flare at 13:30 UT: Observation from Yohkoh": G. Doschek, K. Strong, L. Acton, M. Bruner, H. Hudson, T. Metcalf, J.-P. Wuelser, Astrophys. J. 416, 845 (1993). "A Flare Caused by Interacting Coronal Loops": Y. Hanaoka, Astrophys. J. 420, L37-L40 (1994). "General Structure of the X-Ray Corona": L. Acton (Invited Review) in `Structure of the Solar Corona', IAU Colloquium 144, in press (1994). "High Energy Gamma Ray Emission from Solar Flares: Constraining the Proton Spectrum": D. Alexander, P.P. Dunphy and A.L. MacKinnon, Solar Phys., in press (1994). "Particle Acceleration and the Decay of Soft X-ray Non-thermal Line Broadening": D. Alexander and S. Matthews, submitted to Solar Phys. (1994). "Electron Precipitation and Mass Motion in the 1991 June 9 White-Light Flare": J.-F. de La Beaujardiere, R. C. Canfield, T. R. Metcalf, E. Hiei, T. Sakurai, and K. Ichimoto, Solar Phys., in press (1994). "The 9 November 1991 Flare at 03:20 UT: Observations from Yohkoh": G. Doschek, J. Mariska, K. Strong, R. Bentley, C. Brown, J. Culhane, J. Lang, A. Sterling, and T. Watanabe, Astrophs. J., in press (1994). "Impulsive Behaviour in Solar X-Radiation": H. Hudson, K. Strong, B. Dennis, D. Zarro, M. Inda, T. Kosugi, and T. Sakao, Astrophys. J. 422, L25-L27 (1994). "Spatial Resolution of Solar Irradiance Variability: The Yohkoh White-Light Observations": H. S. Hudson, IAU Page 20 Symposium 143, in press (1994) "Electric Currents and Coronal Heating in NOAA Active Region 6952": T. R. Metcalf, R. C. Canfield, H. S. Hudson, D. L. Mickey, J.-P. Wuelser, P. C. H. Martens, and S. Tsuneta, Astrophys. J., in press, (1994). "Radio Imaging Observations of the Evolution of Thermal and Nonthermal Sources during a Gradual Burst": M. Nishio, H. Nakajima, S. Enome, K. Shibaski, T. Takano, Y. Hanaoka, C. Torii, H. Sekiguchi, T. Bushimata, S. Kawashima, N. Shinohara, Y. Iramajiri, Y. Choi, H. Koshiishi, Y. Shiomi, T. Metcalf, R. C. Canfield, PASJ, in press (1994). "A Purely Polarized S-component at 17 GHz": K. Shibasaki, S. Enome, H. Nakajima, M. Nishio, T. Takano, Y. Hanaoka, C. Torii, H. Sekiguchi, S. Kawashima, T. Bushimata, N. Shinohara, H. Koshiishi, Y. Shiomi, Y. Irimajiri, K. D. Leka, and R. C. Canfield, PASJ, in press (1994). "A Yohkoh Search for `Black-Light Flares'": L. Van Driel-Gesztelyi, H. S. Hudson, B. Anwar, and E. Hiei, Solar Phys., in press (1994). "Multispectral Observations of Chromospheric Evaporation in the 1991 November 15 X-Class Solar Flare": J.-P. Wuelser, R. C. Canfield, L. W. Acton, J. L. Culhane, A. Phillips, A. Fludra, T. Sakao, S. Masuda, T. Kosugi, and S. Tsuneta, Astrophys. J., in press (1994). " Behavior of Accelerated Electrons in a Small Impulsive Solar Flare on 1992 August 12", T. Takano, S. Enome, H. Nakajima, K. Shibasaki, M. Nishio, Y. Hanaoka, C. Torii, H. Sekiguchi, T. Bushimata, S. Kawashima, N. Shinohara, Y. Irimajiri, H. Koshiishi, T. Kosugi, Y. Shiomi, T. Sakurai, and K. Ichimoto, PASJ 46, No.2, in press (1994). "The Magnetic Evolution of AR7260: A Roadmap": K. D. Leka, L. van Driel-Gesztelyi, N. Nitta, R. C. Canfield, D. L. Mickey, submitted to Solar Phys. (1994). "The Possible Role of MHD Waves in Heating the Solar Corona": J. Porter, J. Klimchuk, and P. Sturrock, Astrophys. J., submitted Feb 1994. "The Possible Role of High-Frequency Waves in Heating Solar Coronal Loops": J. Porter, J. Klimchuk, and P. Sturrock, submitted to Astrophys. J. (1994) "A Gigantic X-ray Jet observed by Yohkoh": K. Shibata, H. S. Hudson, et al., submitted to Nature (1994). "A Diagnostic of Solar Atmospheric Models: Search for Page 21 'Black Flares'": L. van Driel-Gesztelyi, H.S. Hudson, B. Anwar, E. Hiei, and S. Tsuneta, submitted to Solar Phys. (1994). "The Point Spread Function of the Soft X-ray Telescope Aboard Yohkoh", P. Martens, L. Acton, and J. Lemen, submitted to Solar Physics (May 19, 1994). "An Analytical Model for Fluted Sunspots and a New Interpretation of Evershed Flow and X-ray Anemones", by P. C. Martens, N. E. Hurlburt, A. M. Title, and L. W. Acton, submitted to Astrophys. J. (May 25, 1994). Page 22 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII ACTIVITY REPORT (DR. R. CANFIELD) No input required for this month -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT BERKELEY (DR. S. KANE) No input required for this month -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STANFORD UNIVERSITY (DR. P. STURROCK) No input required for this month -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SOLAR PHYSICS RESEARCH CORPORATION (KAREN L. HARVEY) No input required for this month -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY (LOREN ACTON) No input required for this month Page 23 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- NASA REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE (IN LIEU OF NASA FORM 1626) --------------------|--------------------------|-------------------------------- 1. REPORT NO. | 2. GOVERNMENT | 3. RECIPIENT'S DR-01 | ACCESSION NO. | CATALOG NO. --------------------|--------------------------|-------------------------------- 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE | 5. REPORT DATE Monthly progress report - for the month of | June 10, 1993 May 1994 |-------------------------------- | 6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION | CODE: O/91-30 -----------------------------------------------|-------------------------------- 7. AUTHOR(S) | 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZA- K. T. Strong | TION REPORT NO: F. M. Friedlaender | |-------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------|10. WORK UNIT NO. 9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS | Lockheed Palo Alto Research Labs B/252 |-------------------------------- Solar & Astrophysics Laboratory O/91-30 |11. CONTRACT OR GRANT NO. 3251 Hanover Street, Palo Alto Ca. 94304 | NAS8 - 37334 -----------------------------------------------|-------------------------------- 12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS |13. TYPE OF REPORT AND Marshall Space Flight Center (Explorer Program)| PERIOD COVERED Huntsville Alabama 35812 | Progress report for the month | of May 1993 |-------------------------------- |14. SPONSORING AGENCY | CODE MSFC / AP32 -----------------------------------------------|-------------------------------- 15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 16. ABSTRACT The SOLAR-A Mission is a program of the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), the Japanese agency for scientific space activity. The SOLAR-A satellite was launched on August 30, 1991 to study high energy phenomena in solar flares. As an international cooperative agreement, Lockheed, under NASA contract, is providing a scientific investigation and has prepared the Soft X-ray Telescope (SXT), one of the two primary experiments of the mission. --------------------------------------|----------------------------------------- 17. KEY WORDS (SUGGESTED BY | 18. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT AUTHOR(S)) Solar-A, X-ray, CCD, | Space Science, Solar Physics ------------------------|-------------|----------|-----------------|------------ 19. SECURITY CLASSIF. | 20. SECURITY CLASSIF. | 21. NO OF PAGES |22. PRICE (OF THIS REPORT) | (OF THIS PAGE) | | None | None | 23 | ------------------------|------------------------|-----------------|------------ For sale by: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402-0001